單句改錯(cuò)題是考查學(xué)生的識(shí)別能力、分析能力和綜合運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)知識(shí)能力。
做單句改錯(cuò)題首先要讀通句子,在此基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)不同的情況,用所掌握的語(yǔ)法、詞匯知識(shí)為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),具體排除干擾,判斷、找出錯(cuò)誤,予以改正。
一、有些句子學(xué)生十分熟悉,根據(jù)所學(xué)知識(shí),一眼就可識(shí)破,則不必顧及其他。如:
ImusttrymybestlearnEnglishwell.
tryone’sbest后應(yīng)跟不定式。故在best后應(yīng)加“to”。
二、有些題目要從時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣或主謂一致等方面來(lái)判斷。如:
1.WehavestudiedmostofBookbytheendoflastweek.
by后跟表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí),對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí),因此,該句中have應(yīng)改為had。
2.ThosenovelswrotebyLuXun60yearsago.
句中wrote應(yīng)改為werewritten。因?yàn)閠hesenovels是動(dòng)作的承受者。
三、有些題目要從動(dòng)詞的用法,詞組搭配以及用詞的知識(shí)方面考慮。如:
—Where’stheboystudent?
—Hehasbeentothelibrary.
句中hasbeento表示“去過(guò)某地,已回來(lái)”,而這里的男同學(xué)顯然沒回來(lái),所以該處需改為“hasgoneto”。
四、越來(lái)越多的辨認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤題,綜合了盡可能多的語(yǔ)法、詞匯知識(shí),因而同學(xué)們不能只從某項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法或詞匯用法方面去判斷,更應(yīng)從各方面來(lái)判斷錯(cuò)誤的可能性。如:
Hebrokethewindowwhenhewasplayingfootballandhepaidoftheglassthenextday.
這一句不但要考慮broke、paid是否正確,而且要判斷football,nextday前是否有定冠詞,更要核對(duì)“paidof”的準(zhǔn)確性,因?yàn)閛f與for較相似,故此句paidof應(yīng)改為paidfor。
經(jīng)典范例引路
例1Lilyhasreachedhomethreehoursago.
簡(jiǎn)析:可將hasreached改為reached,即一般過(guò)去時(shí)。另一種改法是將句尾的threehoursago去掉,因涉及到不止一個(gè)選項(xiàng),故在此題中不能這么改。
例2Youcan’tgetacrosswhenthelightsaregreen.
簡(jiǎn)析:此題語(yǔ)法上并沒有錯(cuò),只是不符合事實(shí),應(yīng)將D項(xiàng)的green改為red,才符合“紅燈停,綠燈行”的交通規(guī)則。
例3Don’tgetintothegatebeforetheytellyoudothat.
簡(jiǎn)析:tell后接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),即tellsb.todosth,其中的to不可省略。
【綜合能力訓(xùn)練】
?、?下列各題有一處是錯(cuò)的,請(qǐng)將出并將改正后的詞寫在句后的括號(hào)內(nèi)。
()1.Thereisgoingtohavemuchbeefontheplate.()
()2.Idon’tthinkhisdressisdearerthanKate.()
()3.Ican’thearyou.Couldyouspeakitlouder?()
()4.It’skindforyoutohelpmetodothecleaning.()
()5.MrBlack,agoodfriendofme,likesdrawinghorses.()
()6.Don’tstayathome.Youhadbettertogooutforawalk,()
()7.Inthegirls’100-metrerace,LilyfromClass1ranveryfastly.()
()8.Thereisapeopleintheroom.Butnobodyknowswhoitis.()
()9.WewillholdasportsmeetingnextMondayifitwon’train.()
()10.TheboycalledTomwasborninthemorningofMay2nd,1990.()
()11.MotheraskedmeiftheBlacksweregoingtomoveherelongbefore.
()12.TodayisSeptemberthetenth.HappyTeachers’Daytoyou.Thankyouforteachussowell.()
()13.JimismuchclevererthananyotherstudentsinGrade3,buthedoesn’tworkhard.()
()14.Look!Twohundredsstudentsarewatchingafootballmatchontheplayground.()
?、?改正下列句子,每句只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤,在錯(cuò)的地方作出標(biāo)記,并將改正后的詞寫在句后的橫線上。
1.HaveyougonetoAmericabefore?
2.Istherenewanythinginthistalk?
3.NeitherAnnnorIareaLeaguemember.
4.Wearesurprisethathelostthegame.
5.Mostgreatartistslikemakingowntrain.
6.Hurryup,andyouwon’tcatchthetrain.
7.Ithinkthissongismostpopularofall.
8.MrHugotupuntilteno’clockyesterday.
9.Whatainterestingbook!Doyoulikeit?
10.Thisstoryisnotsolongerasthatone.
11.It’salongtimesincewehavemetlast.
12.What’swrongwithyou?Youlookunhappily.
13.MrsSmithfoundthatdifficulttostudyEnglishwell.
14.Thereislittlewaterintheglass,isn’tthere?
15.Theboyswereplayingwithfirewhenhecomesin.
16.Thetrafficaccidentwashappenedaroundthecornerlastweek.
17.Pleaseshowwethepicturethatyoudrewyesterday.
18.MrLiwantsthestudentsdotheirhomeworkbythemselves.
[參考答案]
綜合能力訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.1.have→be2.Kate→Kate's3.it→去掉4.for→of5.me→mine6.togo→go7.fastly→fast8.apeople→aperson9.won't→doesn't10.in→on11.longbefore→beforelong12.teach→teaching13.students→student14.hundreds→hundred
?、?1.gone→been2.newanything→anythingnew3.are→am4.surprise→surprised5.own→theirown6.and→or7.most→themost8.got→didn'tget或until→at9.a→an10.longer→long11.havemet→met12.unhappily→unhappy13.that→it14.isn't→is15.comes→ca