每年的中考試卷中,“句型轉(zhuǎn)換”題所占分值較大,是為了全面考查學(xué)生在初中階段所學(xué)的詞匯(同義或反義)、短語、句型和語法等方面的知識及其它的之間的靈活運用能力。
Ⅰ.題型介紹
所謂“句型轉(zhuǎn)換”就是先給一個完整的句子A,再根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的要求(有時沒有明確,須自己觀察),在第二個句子B的空白處填上適當?shù)脑~來完成的句型轉(zhuǎn)換。
Ⅱ.題型分類
從形式上看,有如下幾種形式:①某一詞或詞組的轉(zhuǎn)換;②詞組與句子的轉(zhuǎn)換;③同義句型的轉(zhuǎn)換;④為糾正常犯語言錯誤而設(shè)計的題目。
從內(nèi)容上看,此題型涉及的面較廣,主要有:①句子功能方面的轉(zhuǎn)換。包括陳述句(肯定與否定)、四種題疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句的轉(zhuǎn)換;②句子結(jié)構(gòu)方面的轉(zhuǎn)換。即簡單句、復(fù)合句、并列句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換;③語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換。即主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換;④常用句型與詞匯手段的轉(zhuǎn)換。
Ⅲ.具體分類如下
一、陳述句與疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句間的轉(zhuǎn)換
1、陳述句中肯定句變?yōu)榉穸ň洌蟛糠质怯胣ot來改變謂語結(jié)構(gòu),但也有借用否定意義的詞,如nothing,nobody,none,neither,little,few,never,hardly等,例如::
A:Tomdoeswellinmaths.
B:Tomdoesn'tdoinmaths.
A:Hehasmuchtodo.
B:Hehasnothingtodo.
A:Allofmyclassmateslikeart.
B:Noneofmyclassmateslikesart.
2、改為疑問句。根據(jù)上下句的結(jié)構(gòu)和詞的減少,來判斷變?yōu)槟囊环N形式的疑問句。例如:
A:Mybrotheroftenhasbreakfastatschool.
B:Doesyourbrotheroftenhavebreakfastatschool?
A:Tom'salreadyweakinEnglish.
B:Tom'salreadyweakinEnglish,isn'the?
A:Theredlightchangeseverytwominutes.
B:Howoftendoestheredlightchange?
3、改為感嘆句。根據(jù)所給的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和單詞的詞性,來確定使用哪一種感嘆句的形式,例如:
A:Thisisaninterestingbook.
B:Whataninterestingbookthisis!
或Howinterestingthisbookis!
#p#分頁標題#e#二、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。
根據(jù)上句,寫出一個意思相同(或相近)的下句,此類形式繁多,內(nèi)容復(fù)雜,涉及面廣,歸類如下:
1、同義詞或詞組之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。(通常上下句時態(tài)保持一致)。
常見的同義詞或詞組有:(1)四個“花費”(spend-take-cost-take);(2)三個“到達”(getto-reach-arrivein/at);(3)四個“收到…來信”(hearfrom-getaletterfrom-receivealetterfrom-havealetterfrom);(4)兩個“擅長于…”(begoodat-dowellin);(5)兩個“有空”(befree-havetime);(6)三個“入睡”(gotosleep-gettosleep-fallasleep);(7)兩個“玩得開心”(enjoyoneself-haveagoodtime);(8)“給…打電話”(callsb-telephonesb-ringsb.acall-makeatelephonetosb.)(9)“飛往…”(flyto…-goto…byair/plane)(10)“自學(xué)”(teachoneself-learn…byoneself)(11)在…方面幫助help…with…-help…(to)do…(12)在…差beweakin…-dobadlyin…(13)能/會…can-beableto(14)更喜歡…like…betterthan…-prefer…to…(15)充滿了…befullof…-befilledwith…(16)放棄干…giveupdoing…-stopdoing…(17)不再…nolonger-not…anylonger(18)照顧/保管takecareof…-lookafter(19)展覽onshow-ondisplay(20)阻止…干…stop…fromdoing-keep/prevent…fromdoing…(21)由于thanksto-becauseof…(22)舉手handsup-putupone'shands(23)最后,終于atlast-intheend(24)與…不同bedifferentfrom…-benotthesameas…(25)從…借入…borrow…from…-lend…to…(26)乘公汽/火車/的士goto…bybus/train/taxi-takeabus/train/taxito…(27)乘自行車去…goto…bybike-rideabiketo…(28)為…感到自豪beproudof…-betheprideof…(29)步行去…walkto…-goto…onfoot(30)獨自地byoneself-alone等。例如:
A:Thechildrenhadagoodtimeinthepark.
B:Thechildrenenjoyedthemselvesinthepark.
2、同義句型之間的轉(zhuǎn)化。常見的同義句型有①Itseemsthat從句→Somebodyseems(tobe)+adj/n②It'skindofsb.todo…→Somebodyiskindtodo…③Whatdoes…mean?→Whatdoyoumeanby…?或What'sthemeaningof…?④Thereissomethingwrongwith…→Somethingiswrongwith…⑤not…until…與when/after/before引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換⑥What'swrongwith…?→What'sthematterwith…?⑦Howis…?→What's…like…?⑧Howdoyoulike…?→Whatdoyouthinkof?⑧It'stimethat…→It'stimeforsb.todo…⑨It'ssaidthat…→Peoplesaythat…⑩CanIhelpyou?→WhatcanIdoforyou?
例如:
A:IwenttobedafterIfinishedmyhomework.
B:Ididn'tgotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomework.
3、if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化。例如:
A:Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,they'llgotothepark.
B:Unlessitrainstomorrow,they'llgotothepark.
A:Ifyoudon'thurry,you'llbelate.
B:Hurryup,oryou'llbelate.
A:Fishcan'tliveifthereisnowater.
B:Fishcan'tlivewithoutwater.
4、現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中的一句多譯。在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中,結(jié)束性動詞不能與時間段連用,必須改成相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞。常見的動詞轉(zhuǎn)換有:buy-have,borrow-keep,die-bedead,open-beopen,join-bein+組織/bea+成員,begin-beon,leave-beawayfrom,close-beclosed,arrivein/getto/come/goto-bein/at,finsh-beover,gotosleep-beasleep,getup-beup.
例如:Theoldmandiedfivemonthsago.
Theoldmanhasbeendeadsincefivemonthsago.
Theoldmanhasbeendeadforfivemonths.
It'sfivemonthssincetheoldmandied.
Fivemonthshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.
5、簡單句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。
①含賓語從句的復(fù)合句與簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)換。例如:
A:Isawtheywereplayingfootballontheplayground.
B:Isawthemplayingfootballontheplayground.
A:Theteacherfoundthatshewasveryclever.
B:Theteacherfoundherveryclever.
A:HefoundthatitwashardtolearnEnglishwell.
B:HefoundithardtolearnEnglishwell.
A:Wearesurethatwewillwintofirstmatch.
B:Wearesuretowintofirstmatch.
由疑問代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“疑問句+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
A:CouldyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?
B:Couldyoutellmehowtogettotherailwaystation?
A:Wedon'tknowwhatweshoulddonext.
B:Wedon'tknowwhattodonext.
②由when/after/before/while/since/until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為when/after/before/while/sine/until+doing…
例如:
A:Theywenthomeaftertheyfinishedtheirwork.
B:Thewenthomeafterfinishingtheirwork.
A:MrSmithhastaughtEnglishsincehecametoChina.
B:MrSmithhastaughtEnglishsincecomingtoChina.
Whensb.+be+數(shù)詞+yearsold→attheageof+歲數(shù)
A:Whenhewastwelveyearsold,Edisonstartedwritinghisownnewspaper.
B:Attheageoftwelve,Edisonstartedwritinghisownnewspaper.
③由so…that…引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為too…todo或…enoughtodo……例如:
A:TheboxissoheavythatIcan'tcarryit.
B:Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.
或:Theboxisn'tlightenoughformetocarry.
A:Thechildissooldthathecangotoschool.
B:Thechildisoldenoughtogotoschool.
④由sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為inordertodo例如:
A:Myfathergotupearlythismorningsothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.
B:Myfathergotupearlythismorninginordertocatchtheearlybus.
⑤由because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為becauseof…例如:
A:Wedidn'tgototheparkbecauseitrained.
B:Wedidn'tgototheparkbecauseoftherain.
⑥定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化為介詞短語或分詞短語。例如:
A:ThemanwhoisonthebikeisJim.
B:ThemanonthebikeisJim.
A:Themanwhoisdrivingtheredcarismyboss.
B:Themandrivingtheredcarismyboss.
A:ThegirlwhoiscalledMaryismysister.
B:ThegirlcalledMaryismysister.
6、用并列連詞neither…nor;either…or…;both…and…;notonly…butalso…連句。例如:
A:Ihaven'tseenaTVplayforlong,andLilyhasn'teither.
B:NeitherInorLilyhasseenaTVplayforlong.
A:Tomisgoodatmaths,andheisgoodatFrench,too.
B:TomisgoodatbothmathsandFrench.
neither…nor…,either…or…和notonly…butalso…連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞依靠近它的主語而定,即“就近原則”,但是both…and用來連接兩個主語時,謂語復(fù)數(shù)。
7、主動語與被動語態(tài)的互變。
“主動”變“被動”實行“三變二不變”原則?!叭儭奔词侵髡Z,謂語和賓語的變化,“二不變”即時態(tài)不變,句式不變。例如:
A:Theymakewatchesinthetown.
B:Watchesaremadebytheminthetown.
A:Icanfinishtheworkbeforeeight.
B:Theworkcanbefinished(byme)beforeeight.
A:DotheygrowriceinSouthChina?
B:IsricegrowninSouthChina?
注:使役性動詞make或感觀性動詞see/watch/lookat/hear/listento/feel在主動語態(tài)中所帶省to的不定式賓補變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,必須加上to.
A:Isawhimtakeyourumbrella.
B:Hewasseentotakeyourumbrella.
8、形容詞、副詞二級之間的轉(zhuǎn)化,例如
A:Chineseisthemostimportantsubjectofall.
B:Chineseismoreimportantthananyothersubject.
A:Thisexerciseiseasierthantheothertwo.
B:Thisexerciseistheeasiestofthethree.
#p#分頁標題#e#Ⅵ.解題指導(dǎo)
要做好句型轉(zhuǎn)換題,必須注意如下幾點:
1、注重掌握教材中的基本句和同一句子英語的不同結(jié)構(gòu)表達技巧。
2、弄清題意,明確題目考查點,了解題目所給句子與答句之間的關(guān)系。
3、注意從多角度,全方位考慮問題,突破難點,注意復(fù)查,看是否按要求完成了轉(zhuǎn)換。
通過上述的歸納和指導(dǎo),可以理清學(xué)生的“依章辦事”的解題思路,養(yǎng)成“有條不紊”的解題習(xí)慣,培養(yǎng)多角度思維解題的能力,從而達到提高學(xué)習(xí)效率的目的。
特殊疑問句
注:1、一般情況:特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句構(gòu)成。
2、特殊疑問詞在句中充當成分。
3、不用yes,no回答,直接回答。
4、讀降調(diào)。
5、常用疑問詞:who,what,whose,where,how,which,when,why,howmany,howmuch,howfar.Howlong,howoften,howsoon,howhigh,等。
對劃線部分提問。(把各句變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧?
1、對主語(人)提問:
Theboyisrunningnow.Whoisrunningnow?
2、對表語(人)提問:
HeisLily'sfather.Whoishe?
3、對介賓(人)提問:
Sheislookingforthelittleboy.Whoisshelookingfor?
4、對動賓(人)提問:
IoftenhelpWeiHuawithEnglish.WhodoyouoftenhelpwithEnglish?
5、對間賓(人)提問:
KatelentTomaballyesterday.WhodidKatelendaballyesterday?
6、對主語(東西)提問:
Thebooksareonthedesk..Whatareonthedesk?
7、對表語(東西)提問:
Theseareboats.Whatarethese?
8、對動賓(東西)提問:
Iwantacupoftea.Whatdoyouwant?
9對職業(yè)(提問)提問:
Themanisafarmer.Whatistheman?Whatdoesthemando?
10.對介賓(東西)提問:
Heislookingforhispen.Whatishelookingfor?
11、對是什么提問:
It'saChinesecar.Whatisit?
12、對計算結(jié)果提問:
Sixandnineisfifteen.Whatissixandnine?
13、對年級提問:
I'minGradeThree.Whatgradeareyouin?
14、對班級提問:
LiLeiisinClassFive.WhatclassisLiLeiin?
15、對年級和班級提問:
WeiHuaisinClassThreeGradeOne,WhatclassandgradeisWeihuain?
16、對排提問:
WeareinRowOne.Whatrowareyouin?
注:1、對年級、班級、排提問時,問句中的in不能去掉.
2,what后的grade,class,row用小寫形式.
3,what根據(jù)實際譯為漢語.
17、對學(xué)號提問:
LucyisNumberSix.WhatnumberisLucy?WhatisLucy'snumber?
18、對后置定語提問:
ThisisamapofChina.Whatmapisthis?
19、對顏色提問:
Theflowersarered.Whatcoloraretheflowers?
20、對幾點幾分提問:
It'ssix.Whattimeisit?What'sthetime?
21、對名字提問:
MynameisLiLei.What'syourname?
22、對前置定語提問:
Theseapplesareyours.Whichapplesareyours?
ThebestoneisLily's.WhichoneisLily's?
23、對表語(名物代)提問:
Thiscupisyours.Whoseisthecup?
24、對后置定語提問:
Theboyinthehatismybrother.Whichboyisyourbrother?
25、對后置定語提問:
Iwanttobuytheshirtontheleft.Whichshirtdoyouwanttobuy?
26、對主語(名物代)提問:
Mineisred.Whoseisred?
27、對定語(形物代)提問:
Theyaremybooks.Whosebooksarethey?
28、對定語(名詞所有格)提問:
ThisisLucyandLily'sroom.Whoseroomisthis?
29、對表語(名詞所有格)提問:
ThiscupisKate's.Whoseisthiscup?
30對身體提問:
I'mfine(well,OK,Allright.)Howareyou?
31、對年齡提問:
Theboyisfifteen.Howoldareyou?
32、對天氣提問:
It'scloudytoday.Howistheweathertoday?=What'stheweatherliketoday?
33、對語言提問:
IcanspellitinEnglish.Howcanyouspellit?
34、對方式提問:
Ioftengotoschoolonfoot.(bybus,bytrain,bybike•••)Howdoyouoftengotoschool?
35、對程度提問:
Shestudieshard.Howdoesshestudy?
36、對數(shù)量提問:
1,Therearefivebirdsinthetree.Howmanybirdsarethereinthetree?
2,Thereismuchwaterinthebottle.Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?
3,Thereisanappletreeinfrontofthehouse.Howmanyappletreesarethereinfrontofthehouse?
37、對價格提問:Themeatistenyuan.Howmuchisthemeat?
注:1,對價格提問,be應(yīng)根據(jù)后面的主語而定。
2,單位yuan在問句中去掉。
38、對距離提問:
Thefactoryistwokilometersfromhere.Howfaristhefactoryfromhere?
39、對長度提問:
Therulerisonemetrelong.Howlongistheruler?
40、對for+一段時間提問:
Wehavestayedtherefortwohours.Howlonghaveyoustayedthere?
Hehaslivedheresince1997.Howlonghashelivedhere?
注:howlong后面必須是延續(xù)性動詞。
41、對星期提問:
TodayisMonday.Whatdayisittoday?
42、對in+一段時間提問:
Thewomanwillgototheshopinfiveminutes.Howsoonthewomanwillgototheshop?
43、對頻度副詞提問:
LiuYingoftencarrieswaterforUncleLi.HowoftendoesLiuYingcarrywaterforUncleLi?
44、對范圍內(nèi)的次數(shù)提問:
Igoswimmingonceaweekinsummer.Howmanytimesdoyougoswimminginsummer?
45、對寬度提問:
Theriverisfivemetreswide.Howwideistheriver?
46、對原因狀語提問:
Hedidn'tcometoschoolbecausehewasillinbed.Whydidn'thecometoschool?
注:表示“因為”的連詞有since,as,for,because.
47、對時間狀語提問:
Weusuallycometoschoolatseveninthemorning.Whendoyouusuallycometoschool?
48、對地點狀語提問:
Thechildrensometimesplayfootballontheplayground.Wheredothechildrensometimesplayfootball?
49、對幾月幾日提問:
It'sMay2today.What'sthedatetoday?
50、對種類(后置定語)提問:
Iwantthecakeswithnutsinthem.Whatkindofcakesdoyouwant?
51、對作什么提問:
Theboysareplayinginthetree.Whataretheboysdoinginthetree?
#p#分頁標題#e#熟記變特殊疑問句時,容易判斷錯的情況。
1、數(shù)詞
表示年齡:Heisfifty-five.Howoldishe?
表示時間:It'sfifty-five.What'sthetime?
表示加法:Sixandtwoiseight.What'ssixandtwo?
表示價格:Theshirtisthirtyyuan.Howmuchistheshirt?
表示多少:Ihavethreebrothers.Howmanybrothersdoyouhave?
2、姓名和人
表示人名:MynameisGina.What'syourname?
表示人:ThewomanisGina.Whoisthewoman?
3、長度和距離
表示距離:It'sfivehundredmetresawayfromhere.Howfarisitfromhere?
表示長度:It'sfivehundredmetres.Howlongisit?
4、顏色,東西
表示顏色:Theshoesarewhite.Whatcoloraretheshoes?
表示物:Theyarewhitesheep.Whatarethey?
表示顏色:Theyarewhitesheep.Whatcolorarethesesheep?
5、名詞所有格和人
表示名詞所有格:She'sLucy'ssister.Whosesisterisshe?
表示人:She'sLucy'ssister.Whoisshe?
#p#分頁標題#e#同義句轉(zhuǎn)換的九種類型
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題是近幾年中考英語的一個??碱}型,其出題形式通常是同時給出兩個句子,第一句完整,第二句中設(shè)有幾處空格,要求考生填入適當?shù)脑~或詞組,使第二句的意思與第一句意思相同。它綜合考查考生的語法、詞匯、短語或習(xí)慣用語和句型結(jié)構(gòu)等知識,要求運用所學(xué)的詞匯、語法知識和句型結(jié)構(gòu)填寫句子,使句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整、邏輯合理、語法知識無誤、意思與所給句子相同。通過對近幾年的中考英語試題中同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題的分析,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)中考英語同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題主要考查以下幾個方面:
一、運用同義詞(組)進行轉(zhuǎn)換
用同義詞或同義詞組對原句中的某些詞或詞組進行替換,注意轉(zhuǎn)換后的詞或詞組的詞形變化要與句子其他成分相適應(yīng)。如:
1.Thatdaywecouldseeflowershereandthere.
Thatdaywecouldseeflowers__________.
分析:答案為everywhere。everywhere與hereandthere都表示“到處”。
2.Theteacheralwaystakesgoodcareofthechildrenintheschool.
Theteacheralways_____________thechildrenwellintheschool.
分析:答案為looksafter。takegoodcareof與lookafter…well都表示“好好照顧”。
二、運用反義詞(組)的否定式進行轉(zhuǎn)換
即用反義詞或詞組的否定式表達與原句相同的意思,主要考查學(xué)生對反義詞(詞組)的積累和換位思維的能力。如:
1.It’sclearthatthisvisitisdifferentfromlasttime.
It’sclearthatthisvisitisnotthe______lasttime.
分析:答案為sameas。bedifferentfrom意為“與……不同”;thesameas意為“與……相同”,其否定式與bedifferentfrom同義。
2.Ithinkwealthislessimportantthanhealth.
I___thinkwealthis___importantthanhealth.
分析:答案為don’t,more。lessimportant的意思是“沒有(不及)……重要”;moreimportant的意思是“(比)……更重要”,該結(jié)構(gòu)與not連用,則表示“不比……更重要”。
另外,有的反義詞即使不與否定詞連用,而只需改變句子結(jié)構(gòu)也可構(gòu)成同義句。如:
Helentsomemoneytohisfriend.
Hefriend___somemoney___him.
分析:答案為borrowed,from。borrow…from意為“向……借……”;lend…to意為“把……借給……”。兩個結(jié)構(gòu)意思相反,但若變換“借出者”與“借入者”的位置,則可轉(zhuǎn)換為同義句。
三、運用不同語態(tài)進行轉(zhuǎn)換
即運用主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的變化來轉(zhuǎn)換同義詞,但此時要特別注意時態(tài)、動詞一致性。如:
1.Everyoneshouldgivebackhislibrarybooksontime.
Librarybooksshould____________ontime.
分析:答案為begivenback。被動句中含有情態(tài)動詞should,因此助動詞用be。
2.Itiswidelyacceptedthatmorepeopleusecomputersintheworldtoday.
Computers____widely___intheworldtoday.
分析:答案為are,used。computers是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,助動詞用are。
四、非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換
即非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞進行轉(zhuǎn)換,此時往往會涉及時態(tài)的變化。如:
1.Themanagerlefttwohoursago.
Themanager_____________fortwohours.
分析:答案為hasbeenaway。leave為非延續(xù)性動詞,不能與fortwohours這樣的一段時間連用,而改成beaway這樣的延續(xù)性動詞后,則可連用一段時間。
2.Thefilmbeganfiveminutesago.
Thefilmhasbeen__________fiveminutes.
分析:答案為onfor。hasbeen提示時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài),“for+時間段”表示“持續(xù)(一段時間)”,常用在含有現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的句子里。
3.MrLijoinedthePartytwentyyearsago.
MrLi_______________thePartyfortwentyyears.
答案:hasbeenin。短暫動詞join,意為“參加、加入(組織,政黨)”,不能與延續(xù)時間狀語連用,與延續(xù)性時間狀語連用時,將join改成bein或beamemberin…。
五、運用不同引語進行轉(zhuǎn)換
即將直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語或?qū)㈤g接引語轉(zhuǎn)換成直接引語。此時還要注意相關(guān)時態(tài)、人稱、動詞、狀語等相應(yīng)的變化。如:
1.“I’vefoundmywallet,”hesaidtome.
He_________methathe__________________hiswallet.
分析:答案為told,hadfound。此題是將直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語。
2.“Didyouseeherlastweek?”hesaid.
He______________Ihadseenhertheweek_______.
分析:答案為askedif/whether,before。此題是將疑問句的直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語。
六、運用簡單句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換
即將簡單句變成同義的復(fù)合句或?qū)?fù)合句變成同義的簡單句。如:
1.Wedidn’tgooutforawalkbecauseitwasraining.
Wedidn’tgooutforawalk______________therain.
分析:答案為becauseof。將原因狀語從句becauseitwasraining改為表示原因的介詞短語becauseoftherain。
2.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn’tgotosleep.
Hewas__________________gotosleep.
分析:答案為tooexcitedto。將so…that…換成too…to…結(jié)構(gòu),原句的that從句為結(jié)果狀語從句,改寫句中的不定式仍表結(jié)果。
3.NowIwillshowyouhowtodothework.
NowIwillshowyou__________________dothework.
分析:答案為howyoucan。即將原句中的“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換成賓語從句。
4.Youshouldputthembackafteryouusethem.
Youshouldputthemback__________them.
分析:答案為afterusing。即將after引導(dǎo)的狀語從句改寫為after引導(dǎo)的介詞短語。
七、運用并列句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換
即將并列句變成同義的復(fù)合句或?qū)?fù)合句變成同義的并列句。如:
1.Comeon,orwe’llmisstheearlybus.
____we____hurry,we’llmisstheearlybus.
分析:答案為If,don’t。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。
2.Themangaveusatalklastweek.Nowhewillgiveusanothertalkthisweek.
Theman_____gaveusatalklastweek__________usanothertalkthisweek.
分析:答案為who/that,willgive。who/thatgaveusatalklastweek為定語從句,修飾先行詞theman。
八、運用關(guān)聯(lián)連詞連接或合并句子
即運用關(guān)聯(lián)連詞both…and…,neither…nor…,either…or…,notonly…butalso…等將兩個簡單句合并為一個簡單句。此時要注意的是,both…and…連接兩個主語時,謂語總是用復(fù)數(shù),而neither…nor…,either…or…,notonly…butalso…連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞通常應(yīng)與靠近的主語保持一致。如:
1.Tomcan’tspeakJapanesewellandJimcan’t,either.
______Tom______JimcanspeakJapanesewell.
分析:答案填Neither,nor。neither…nor…表示“……和……(兩者)都不”,剛好與原句的兩個否定結(jié)構(gòu)的意思相吻合。
2.AlicehasreadthebookandPeterhasreadit,too.
______Alice______Peterhavereadthebook.
分析:答案為Both,and。both…and…的意思是“……和……(兩者)都”。
3.Thisstoresellsmen’sshoes,anditalsosellsmen’sclothes.
Thisstoresells____________men’sshoes____________men’sclothes.
分析:答案為notonly,butalso。表示“不僅……而且……”之意。
九、利用某些典型句式或結(jié)構(gòu)進行轉(zhuǎn)換
這類典型結(jié)構(gòu)如so…that…,too…to…,enoughto,not…until…,sodoI等。如:
1.Jimwantstogoboatingandhisparentswanttogoboating,too.
Jimwantstogoboating,and____________hisparents.
分析:答案為sodo。句意為“……他的父母也一樣(一樣想去)”。
2.Johnwenttobedafterhefinishedhishomework.
John______gotobed______hefinishedhishomework.
分析:答案為didn’t,until。not…until意為“直到……才”。