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中考中招頻道

2017年中考指導(dǎo):初中英語語法大全之句型轉(zhuǎn)換

2017-01-06 11:47:04來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)關(guān)注度:
導(dǎo)讀:為了幫助同學(xué)們備戰(zhàn)2017中考,小編整理了《2017中考指導(dǎo):初中英語語法大全之句型轉(zhuǎn)換》,供大家參考。

每年的中考試卷中,“句型轉(zhuǎn)換”題所占分值較大,是為了全面考查學(xué)生在初中階段所學(xué)的詞匯(同義或反義)、短語、句型和語法等方面的知識及其它的之間的靈活運用能力。

Ⅰ.題型介紹

所謂“句型轉(zhuǎn)換”就是先給一個完整的句子A,再根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的要求(有時沒有明確,須自己觀察),在第二個句子B的空白處填上適當?shù)脑~來完成的句型轉(zhuǎn)換。

Ⅱ.題型分類

從形式上看,有如下幾種形式:①某一詞或詞組的轉(zhuǎn)換;②詞組與句子的轉(zhuǎn)換;③同義句型的轉(zhuǎn)換;④為糾正常犯語言錯誤而設(shè)計的題目。

從內(nèi)容上看,此題型涉及的面較廣,主要有:①句子功能方面的轉(zhuǎn)換。包括陳述句(肯定與否定)、四種題疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句的轉(zhuǎn)換;②句子結(jié)構(gòu)方面的轉(zhuǎn)換。即簡單句、復(fù)合句、并列句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換;③語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換。即主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換;④常用句型與詞匯手段的轉(zhuǎn)換。

Ⅲ.具體分類如下

一、陳述句與疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句間的轉(zhuǎn)換

1、陳述句中肯定句變?yōu)榉穸ň洌蟛糠质怯胣ot來改變謂語結(jié)構(gòu),但也有借用否定意義的詞,如nothing,nobody,none,neither,little,few,never,hardly等,例如::

A:Tomdoeswellinmaths.

B:Tomdoesn'tdoinmaths.

A:Hehasmuchtodo.

B:Hehasnothingtodo.

A:Allofmyclassmateslikeart.

B:Noneofmyclassmateslikesart.

2、改為疑問句。根據(jù)上下句的結(jié)構(gòu)和詞的減少,來判斷變?yōu)槟囊环N形式的疑問句。例如:

A:Mybrotheroftenhasbreakfastatschool.

B:Doesyourbrotheroftenhavebreakfastatschool?

A:Tom'salreadyweakinEnglish.

B:Tom'salreadyweakinEnglish,isn'the?

A:Theredlightchangeseverytwominutes.

B:Howoftendoestheredlightchange?

3、改為感嘆句。根據(jù)所給的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和單詞的詞性,來確定使用哪一種感嘆句的形式,例如:

A:Thisisaninterestingbook.

B:Whataninterestingbookthisis!

或Howinterestingthisbookis!

#p#分頁標題#e#

二、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。

根據(jù)上句,寫出一個意思相同(或相近)的下句,此類形式繁多,內(nèi)容復(fù)雜,涉及面廣,歸類如下:

1、同義詞或詞組之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。(通常上下句時態(tài)保持一致)。

常見的同義詞或詞組有:(1)四個“花費”(spend-take-cost-take);(2)三個“到達”(getto-reach-arrivein/at);(3)四個“收到…來信”(hearfrom-getaletterfrom-receivealetterfrom-havealetterfrom);(4)兩個“擅長于…”(begoodat-dowellin);(5)兩個“有空”(befree-havetime);(6)三個“入睡”(gotosleep-gettosleep-fallasleep);(7)兩個“玩得開心”(enjoyoneself-haveagoodtime);(8)“給…打電話”(callsb-telephonesb-ringsb.acall-makeatelephonetosb.)(9)“飛往…”(flyto…-goto…byair/plane)(10)“自學(xué)”(teachoneself-learn…byoneself)(11)在…方面幫助help…with…-help…(to)do…(12)在…差beweakin…-dobadlyin…(13)能/會…can-beableto(14)更喜歡…like…betterthan…-prefer…to…(15)充滿了…befullof…-befilledwith…(16)放棄干…giveupdoing…-stopdoing…(17)不再…nolonger-not…anylonger(18)照顧/保管takecareof…-lookafter(19)展覽onshow-ondisplay(20)阻止…干…stop…fromdoing-keep/prevent…fromdoing…(21)由于thanksto-becauseof…(22)舉手handsup-putupone'shands(23)最后,終于atlast-intheend(24)與…不同bedifferentfrom…-benotthesameas…(25)從…借入…borrow…from…-lend…to…(26)乘公汽/火車/的士goto…bybus/train/taxi-takeabus/train/taxito…(27)乘自行車去…goto…bybike-rideabiketo…(28)為…感到自豪beproudof…-betheprideof…(29)步行去…walkto…-goto…onfoot(30)獨自地byoneself-alone等。例如:

A:Thechildrenhadagoodtimeinthepark.

B:Thechildrenenjoyedthemselvesinthepark.

2、同義句型之間的轉(zhuǎn)化。常見的同義句型有①Itseemsthat從句→Somebodyseems(tobe)+adj/n②It'skindofsb.todo…→Somebodyiskindtodo…③Whatdoes…mean?→Whatdoyoumeanby…?或What'sthemeaningof…?④Thereissomethingwrongwith…→Somethingiswrongwith…⑤not…until…與when/after/before引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換⑥What'swrongwith…?→What'sthematterwith…?⑦Howis…?→What's…like…?⑧Howdoyoulike…?→Whatdoyouthinkof?⑧It'stimethat…→It'stimeforsb.todo…⑨It'ssaidthat…→Peoplesaythat…⑩CanIhelpyou?→WhatcanIdoforyou?

例如:

A:IwenttobedafterIfinishedmyhomework.

B:Ididn'tgotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomework.

3、if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化。例如:

A:Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,they'llgotothepark.

B:Unlessitrainstomorrow,they'llgotothepark.

A:Ifyoudon'thurry,you'llbelate.

B:Hurryup,oryou'llbelate.

A:Fishcan'tliveifthereisnowater.

B:Fishcan'tlivewithoutwater.

4、現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中的一句多譯。在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中,結(jié)束性動詞不能與時間段連用,必須改成相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞。常見的動詞轉(zhuǎn)換有:buy-have,borrow-keep,die-bedead,open-beopen,join-bein+組織/bea+成員,begin-beon,leave-beawayfrom,close-beclosed,arrivein/getto/come/goto-bein/at,finsh-beover,gotosleep-beasleep,getup-beup.

例如:Theoldmandiedfivemonthsago.

Theoldmanhasbeendeadsincefivemonthsago.

Theoldmanhasbeendeadforfivemonths.

It'sfivemonthssincetheoldmandied.

Fivemonthshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.

5、簡單句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。

①含賓語從句的復(fù)合句與簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)換。例如:

A:Isawtheywereplayingfootballontheplayground.

B:Isawthemplayingfootballontheplayground.

A:Theteacherfoundthatshewasveryclever.

B:Theteacherfoundherveryclever.

A:HefoundthatitwashardtolearnEnglishwell.

B:HefoundithardtolearnEnglishwell.

A:Wearesurethatwewillwintofirstmatch.

B:Wearesuretowintofirstmatch.

由疑問代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“疑問句+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:

A:CouldyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?

B:Couldyoutellmehowtogettotherailwaystation?

A:Wedon'tknowwhatweshoulddonext.

B:Wedon'tknowwhattodonext.

②由when/after/before/while/since/until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為when/after/before/while/sine/until+doing…

例如:

A:Theywenthomeaftertheyfinishedtheirwork.

B:Thewenthomeafterfinishingtheirwork.

A:MrSmithhastaughtEnglishsincehecametoChina.

B:MrSmithhastaughtEnglishsincecomingtoChina.

Whensb.+be+數(shù)詞+yearsold→attheageof+歲數(shù)

A:Whenhewastwelveyearsold,Edisonstartedwritinghisownnewspaper.

B:Attheageoftwelve,Edisonstartedwritinghisownnewspaper.

③由so…that…引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為too…todo或…enoughtodo……例如:

A:TheboxissoheavythatIcan'tcarryit.

B:Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.

或:Theboxisn'tlightenoughformetocarry.

A:Thechildissooldthathecangotoschool.

B:Thechildisoldenoughtogotoschool.

④由sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為inordertodo例如:

A:Myfathergotupearlythismorningsothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.

B:Myfathergotupearlythismorninginordertocatchtheearlybus.

⑤由because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為becauseof…例如:

A:Wedidn'tgototheparkbecauseitrained.

B:Wedidn'tgototheparkbecauseoftherain.

⑥定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化為介詞短語或分詞短語。例如:

A:ThemanwhoisonthebikeisJim.

B:ThemanonthebikeisJim.

A:Themanwhoisdrivingtheredcarismyboss.

B:Themandrivingtheredcarismyboss.

A:ThegirlwhoiscalledMaryismysister.

B:ThegirlcalledMaryismysister.

6、用并列連詞neither…nor;either…or…;both…and…;notonly…butalso…連句。例如:

A:Ihaven'tseenaTVplayforlong,andLilyhasn'teither.

B:NeitherInorLilyhasseenaTVplayforlong.

A:Tomisgoodatmaths,andheisgoodatFrench,too.

B:TomisgoodatbothmathsandFrench.

neither…nor…,either…or…和notonly…butalso…連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞依靠近它的主語而定,即“就近原則”,但是both…and用來連接兩個主語時,謂語復(fù)數(shù)。

7、主動語與被動語態(tài)的互變。

“主動”變“被動”實行“三變二不變”原則?!叭儭奔词侵髡Z,謂語和賓語的變化,“二不變”即時態(tài)不變,句式不變。例如:

A:Theymakewatchesinthetown.

B:Watchesaremadebytheminthetown.

A:Icanfinishtheworkbeforeeight.

B:Theworkcanbefinished(byme)beforeeight.

A:DotheygrowriceinSouthChina?

B:IsricegrowninSouthChina?

注:使役性動詞make或感觀性動詞see/watch/lookat/hear/listento/feel在主動語態(tài)中所帶省to的不定式賓補變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,必須加上to.

A:Isawhimtakeyourumbrella.

B:Hewasseentotakeyourumbrella.

8、形容詞、副詞二級之間的轉(zhuǎn)化,例如

A:Chineseisthemostimportantsubjectofall.

B:Chineseismoreimportantthananyothersubject.

A:Thisexerciseiseasierthantheothertwo.

B:Thisexerciseistheeasiestofthethree.

#p#分頁標題#e#

Ⅵ.解題指導(dǎo)

要做好句型轉(zhuǎn)換題,必須注意如下幾點:

1、注重掌握教材中的基本句和同一句子英語的不同結(jié)構(gòu)表達技巧。

2、弄清題意,明確題目考查點,了解題目所給句子與答句之間的關(guān)系。

3、注意從多角度,全方位考慮問題,突破難點,注意復(fù)查,看是否按要求完成了轉(zhuǎn)換。

通過上述的歸納和指導(dǎo),可以理清學(xué)生的“依章辦事”的解題思路,養(yǎng)成“有條不紊”的解題習(xí)慣,培養(yǎng)多角度思維解題的能力,從而達到提高學(xué)習(xí)效率的目的。

特殊疑問句

注:1、一般情況:特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句構(gòu)成。

2、特殊疑問詞在句中充當成分。

3、不用yes,no回答,直接回答。

4、讀降調(diào)。

5、常用疑問詞:who,what,whose,where,how,which,when,why,howmany,howmuch,howfar.Howlong,howoften,howsoon,howhigh,等。

對劃線部分提問。(把各句變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧?

1、對主語(人)提問:

Theboyisrunningnow.Whoisrunningnow?

2、對表語(人)提問:

HeisLily'sfather.Whoishe?

3、對介賓(人)提問:

Sheislookingforthelittleboy.Whoisshelookingfor?

4、對動賓(人)提問:

IoftenhelpWeiHuawithEnglish.WhodoyouoftenhelpwithEnglish?

5、對間賓(人)提問:

KatelentTomaballyesterday.WhodidKatelendaballyesterday?

6、對主語(東西)提問:

Thebooksareonthedesk..Whatareonthedesk?

7、對表語(東西)提問:

Theseareboats.Whatarethese?

8、對動賓(東西)提問:

Iwantacupoftea.Whatdoyouwant?

9對職業(yè)(提問)提問:

Themanisafarmer.Whatistheman?Whatdoesthemando?

10.對介賓(東西)提問:

Heislookingforhispen.Whatishelookingfor?

11、對是什么提問:

It'saChinesecar.Whatisit?

12、對計算結(jié)果提問:

Sixandnineisfifteen.Whatissixandnine?

13、對年級提問:

I'minGradeThree.Whatgradeareyouin?

14、對班級提問:

LiLeiisinClassFive.WhatclassisLiLeiin?

15、對年級和班級提問:

WeiHuaisinClassThreeGradeOne,WhatclassandgradeisWeihuain?

16、對排提問:

WeareinRowOne.Whatrowareyouin?

注:1、對年級、班級、排提問時,問句中的in不能去掉.

2,what后的grade,class,row用小寫形式.

3,what根據(jù)實際譯為漢語.

17、對學(xué)號提問:

LucyisNumberSix.WhatnumberisLucy?WhatisLucy'snumber?

18、對后置定語提問:

ThisisamapofChina.Whatmapisthis?

19、對顏色提問:

Theflowersarered.Whatcoloraretheflowers?

20、對幾點幾分提問:

It'ssix.Whattimeisit?What'sthetime?

21、對名字提問:

MynameisLiLei.What'syourname?

22、對前置定語提問:

Theseapplesareyours.Whichapplesareyours?

ThebestoneisLily's.WhichoneisLily's?

23、對表語(名物代)提問:

Thiscupisyours.Whoseisthecup?

24、對后置定語提問:

Theboyinthehatismybrother.Whichboyisyourbrother?

25、對后置定語提問:

Iwanttobuytheshirtontheleft.Whichshirtdoyouwanttobuy?

26、對主語(名物代)提問:

Mineisred.Whoseisred?

27、對定語(形物代)提問:

Theyaremybooks.Whosebooksarethey?

28、對定語(名詞所有格)提問:

ThisisLucyandLily'sroom.Whoseroomisthis?

29、對表語(名詞所有格)提問:

ThiscupisKate's.Whoseisthiscup?

30對身體提問:

I'mfine(well,OK,Allright.)Howareyou?

31、對年齡提問:

Theboyisfifteen.Howoldareyou?

32、對天氣提問:

It'scloudytoday.Howistheweathertoday?=What'stheweatherliketoday?

33、對語言提問:

IcanspellitinEnglish.Howcanyouspellit?

34、對方式提問:

Ioftengotoschoolonfoot.(bybus,bytrain,bybike•••)Howdoyouoftengotoschool?

35、對程度提問:

Shestudieshard.Howdoesshestudy?

36、對數(shù)量提問:

1,Therearefivebirdsinthetree.Howmanybirdsarethereinthetree?

2,Thereismuchwaterinthebottle.Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?

3,Thereisanappletreeinfrontofthehouse.Howmanyappletreesarethereinfrontofthehouse?

37、對價格提問:Themeatistenyuan.Howmuchisthemeat?

注:1,對價格提問,be應(yīng)根據(jù)后面的主語而定。

2,單位yuan在問句中去掉。

38、對距離提問:

Thefactoryistwokilometersfromhere.Howfaristhefactoryfromhere?

39、對長度提問:

Therulerisonemetrelong.Howlongistheruler?

40、對for+一段時間提問:

Wehavestayedtherefortwohours.Howlonghaveyoustayedthere?

Hehaslivedheresince1997.Howlonghashelivedhere?

注:howlong后面必須是延續(xù)性動詞。

41、對星期提問:

TodayisMonday.Whatdayisittoday?

42、對in+一段時間提問:

Thewomanwillgototheshopinfiveminutes.Howsoonthewomanwillgototheshop?

43、對頻度副詞提問:

LiuYingoftencarrieswaterforUncleLi.HowoftendoesLiuYingcarrywaterforUncleLi?

44、對范圍內(nèi)的次數(shù)提問:

Igoswimmingonceaweekinsummer.Howmanytimesdoyougoswimminginsummer?

45、對寬度提問:

Theriverisfivemetreswide.Howwideistheriver?

46、對原因狀語提問:

Hedidn'tcometoschoolbecausehewasillinbed.Whydidn'thecometoschool?

注:表示“因為”的連詞有since,as,for,because.

47、對時間狀語提問:

Weusuallycometoschoolatseveninthemorning.Whendoyouusuallycometoschool?

48、對地點狀語提問:

Thechildrensometimesplayfootballontheplayground.Wheredothechildrensometimesplayfootball?

49、對幾月幾日提問:

It'sMay2today.What'sthedatetoday?

50、對種類(后置定語)提問:

Iwantthecakeswithnutsinthem.Whatkindofcakesdoyouwant?

51、對作什么提問:

Theboysareplayinginthetree.Whataretheboysdoinginthetree?

#p#分頁標題#e#

熟記變特殊疑問句時,容易判斷錯的情況。

1、數(shù)詞

表示年齡:Heisfifty-five.Howoldishe?

表示時間:It'sfifty-five.What'sthetime?

表示加法:Sixandtwoiseight.What'ssixandtwo?

表示價格:Theshirtisthirtyyuan.Howmuchistheshirt?

表示多少:Ihavethreebrothers.Howmanybrothersdoyouhave?

2、姓名和人

表示人名:MynameisGina.What'syourname?

表示人:ThewomanisGina.Whoisthewoman?

3、長度和距離

表示距離:It'sfivehundredmetresawayfromhere.Howfarisitfromhere?

表示長度:It'sfivehundredmetres.Howlongisit?

4、顏色,東西

表示顏色:Theshoesarewhite.Whatcoloraretheshoes?

表示物:Theyarewhitesheep.Whatarethey?

表示顏色:Theyarewhitesheep.Whatcolorarethesesheep?

5、名詞所有格和人

表示名詞所有格:She'sLucy'ssister.Whosesisterisshe?

表示人:She'sLucy'ssister.Whoisshe?

#p#分頁標題#e#

同義句轉(zhuǎn)換的九種類型

同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題是近幾年中考英語的一個??碱}型,其出題形式通常是同時給出兩個句子,第一句完整,第二句中設(shè)有幾處空格,要求考生填入適當?shù)脑~或詞組,使第二句的意思與第一句意思相同。它綜合考查考生的語法、詞匯、短語或習(xí)慣用語和句型結(jié)構(gòu)等知識,要求運用所學(xué)的詞匯、語法知識和句型結(jié)構(gòu)填寫句子,使句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整、邏輯合理、語法知識無誤、意思與所給句子相同。通過對近幾年的中考英語試題中同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題的分析,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)中考英語同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題主要考查以下幾個方面:

一、運用同義詞(組)進行轉(zhuǎn)換

用同義詞或同義詞組對原句中的某些詞或詞組進行替換,注意轉(zhuǎn)換后的詞或詞組的詞形變化要與句子其他成分相適應(yīng)。如:

1.Thatdaywecouldseeflowershereandthere.

Thatdaywecouldseeflowers__________.

分析:答案為everywhere。everywhere與hereandthere都表示“到處”。

2.Theteacheralwaystakesgoodcareofthechildrenintheschool.

Theteacheralways_____________thechildrenwellintheschool.

分析:答案為looksafter。takegoodcareof與lookafter…well都表示“好好照顧”。

二、運用反義詞(組)的否定式進行轉(zhuǎn)換

即用反義詞或詞組的否定式表達與原句相同的意思,主要考查學(xué)生對反義詞(詞組)的積累和換位思維的能力。如:

1.It’sclearthatthisvisitisdifferentfromlasttime.

It’sclearthatthisvisitisnotthe______lasttime.

分析:答案為sameas。bedifferentfrom意為“與……不同”;thesameas意為“與……相同”,其否定式與bedifferentfrom同義。

2.Ithinkwealthislessimportantthanhealth.

I___thinkwealthis___importantthanhealth.

分析:答案為don’t,more。lessimportant的意思是“沒有(不及)……重要”;moreimportant的意思是“(比)……更重要”,該結(jié)構(gòu)與not連用,則表示“不比……更重要”。

另外,有的反義詞即使不與否定詞連用,而只需改變句子結(jié)構(gòu)也可構(gòu)成同義句。如:

Helentsomemoneytohisfriend.

Hefriend___somemoney___him.

分析:答案為borrowed,from。borrow…from意為“向……借……”;lend…to意為“把……借給……”。兩個結(jié)構(gòu)意思相反,但若變換“借出者”與“借入者”的位置,則可轉(zhuǎn)換為同義句。

三、運用不同語態(tài)進行轉(zhuǎn)換

即運用主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的變化來轉(zhuǎn)換同義詞,但此時要特別注意時態(tài)、動詞一致性。如:

1.Everyoneshouldgivebackhislibrarybooksontime.

Librarybooksshould____________ontime.

分析:答案為begivenback。被動句中含有情態(tài)動詞should,因此助動詞用be。

2.Itiswidelyacceptedthatmorepeopleusecomputersintheworldtoday.

Computers____widely___intheworldtoday.

分析:答案為are,used。computers是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,助動詞用are。

四、非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換

即非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞進行轉(zhuǎn)換,此時往往會涉及時態(tài)的變化。如:

1.Themanagerlefttwohoursago.

Themanager_____________fortwohours.

分析:答案為hasbeenaway。leave為非延續(xù)性動詞,不能與fortwohours這樣的一段時間連用,而改成beaway這樣的延續(xù)性動詞后,則可連用一段時間。

2.Thefilmbeganfiveminutesago.

Thefilmhasbeen__________fiveminutes.

分析:答案為onfor。hasbeen提示時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài),“for+時間段”表示“持續(xù)(一段時間)”,常用在含有現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的句子里。

3.MrLijoinedthePartytwentyyearsago.

MrLi_______________thePartyfortwentyyears.

答案:hasbeenin。短暫動詞join,意為“參加、加入(組織,政黨)”,不能與延續(xù)時間狀語連用,與延續(xù)性時間狀語連用時,將join改成bein或beamemberin…。

五、運用不同引語進行轉(zhuǎn)換

即將直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語或?qū)㈤g接引語轉(zhuǎn)換成直接引語。此時還要注意相關(guān)時態(tài)、人稱、動詞、狀語等相應(yīng)的變化。如:

1.“I’vefoundmywallet,”hesaidtome.

He_________methathe__________________hiswallet.

分析:答案為told,hadfound。此題是將直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語。

2.“Didyouseeherlastweek?”hesaid.

He______________Ihadseenhertheweek_______.

分析:答案為askedif/whether,before。此題是將疑問句的直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語。

六、運用簡單句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換

即將簡單句變成同義的復(fù)合句或?qū)?fù)合句變成同義的簡單句。如:

1.Wedidn’tgooutforawalkbecauseitwasraining.

Wedidn’tgooutforawalk______________therain.

分析:答案為becauseof。將原因狀語從句becauseitwasraining改為表示原因的介詞短語becauseoftherain。

2.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn’tgotosleep.

Hewas__________________gotosleep.

分析:答案為tooexcitedto。將so…that…換成too…to…結(jié)構(gòu),原句的that從句為結(jié)果狀語從句,改寫句中的不定式仍表結(jié)果。

3.NowIwillshowyouhowtodothework.

NowIwillshowyou__________________dothework.

分析:答案為howyoucan。即將原句中的“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換成賓語從句。

4.Youshouldputthembackafteryouusethem.

Youshouldputthemback__________them.

分析:答案為afterusing。即將after引導(dǎo)的狀語從句改寫為after引導(dǎo)的介詞短語。

七、運用并列句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換

即將并列句變成同義的復(fù)合句或?qū)?fù)合句變成同義的并列句。如:

1.Comeon,orwe’llmisstheearlybus.

____we____hurry,we’llmisstheearlybus.

分析:答案為If,don’t。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。

2.Themangaveusatalklastweek.Nowhewillgiveusanothertalkthisweek.

Theman_____gaveusatalklastweek__________usanothertalkthisweek.

分析:答案為who/that,willgive。who/thatgaveusatalklastweek為定語從句,修飾先行詞theman。

八、運用關(guān)聯(lián)連詞連接或合并句子

即運用關(guān)聯(lián)連詞both…and…,neither…nor…,either…or…,notonly…butalso…等將兩個簡單句合并為一個簡單句。此時要注意的是,both…and…連接兩個主語時,謂語總是用復(fù)數(shù),而neither…nor…,either…or…,notonly…butalso…連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞通常應(yīng)與靠近的主語保持一致。如:

1.Tomcan’tspeakJapanesewellandJimcan’t,either.

______Tom______JimcanspeakJapanesewell.

分析:答案填Neither,nor。neither…nor…表示“……和……(兩者)都不”,剛好與原句的兩個否定結(jié)構(gòu)的意思相吻合。

2.AlicehasreadthebookandPeterhasreadit,too.

______Alice______Peterhavereadthebook.

分析:答案為Both,and。both…and…的意思是“……和……(兩者)都”。

3.Thisstoresellsmen’sshoes,anditalsosellsmen’sclothes.

Thisstoresells____________men’sshoes____________men’sclothes.

分析:答案為notonly,butalso。表示“不僅……而且……”之意。

九、利用某些典型句式或結(jié)構(gòu)進行轉(zhuǎn)換

這類典型結(jié)構(gòu)如so…that…,too…to…,enoughto,not…until…,sodoI等。如:

1.Jimwantstogoboatingandhisparentswanttogoboating,too.

Jimwantstogoboating,and____________hisparents.

分析:答案為sodo。句意為“……他的父母也一樣(一樣想去)”。

2.Johnwenttobedafterhefinishedhishomework.

John______gotobed______hefinishedhishomework.

分析:答案為didn’t,until。not…until意為“直到……才”。

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